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The piston is a piece of reciprocating motion in the cylinder body of an automobile engine. The
basic structure of the piston can be divided into the top, the head and the skirt. The top of the
piston is the main part of the combustor, and its shape is related to the form of the chosen
combustor. The gasoline engine mostly uses the flat top piston, which has the advantage of small
heat absorption area. There are usually various pits on the top of diesel engine piston. The specific
shape, location and size must be compatible with the requirements of diesel engine mixture
formation and combustion.
Because the piston of the internal combustion engine works under high temperature and
high load conditions, the requirement for the piston is relatively high, so it mainly talks about
the classification of the piston of the internal combustion engine.
1. according to the use of fuel to divide, can be divided into gasoline engine piston, diesel
engine piston, gas piston.
2. according to the material to make the piston, it can be divided into cast iron piston, steel
piston, aluminum alloy piston and combined piston.
3. according to the process of manufacturing piston blank, it can be divided into gravity
casting pistons, squeeze casting pistons and forging pistons.
4. according to the working condition of the piston, it can be divided into two types: non
turbocharged piston and supercharged piston.
Technical requirement
1, it is necessary to have enough strength, stiffness, small mass and light weight to ensure the
minimum inertia force.
2. Good thermal conductivity, high temperature resistance, high pressure and corrosion. It has
sufficient heat dissipation capacity and small heating area.
3, there should be a small friction coefficient between the piston and the piston wall.
4. When the temperature changes, the size and shape change small, and the minimum gap between
the cylinder wall and the cylinder wall is kept.
5. The coefficient of thermal expansion is small and the specific gravity is small, and it has better
wear reduction and thermal strength.